EU Glossary

EU agency coordinating energy regulation across member states.

Computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence.

EU directive regulating managers of hedge funds, private equity, and real estate funds.

Laws and regulations designed to prevent the illegal generation of income.

New EU authority overseeing anti-money laundering efforts across member states.

The ability of microbes to resist the effects of drugs that once treated them.

EU body promoting consistent regulation of electronic communications.

International financial institution fostering cooperation among central banks.

EU directive establishing rules for preventing and managing bank failures.

EU policy supporting farmers and ensuring food security across Europe.

EU policy putting a carbon price on imports to prevent carbon leakage.

EU agency supporting vocational education and training policy.

EU funding instrument for transport, energy, and digital infrastructure.

Trade agreement between the EU and Canada eliminating tariffs and barriers.

EU policy managing European fishing fleets and conserving fish stocks.

The EU's framework for political and diplomatic cooperation on foreign affairs.

The EU's highest court, ensuring uniform interpretation of EU law.

EU initiative to deepen and integrate capital markets across member states.

International organisation promoting human rights, democracy, and the rule of law.

Annual UN climate summit where nations negotiate climate action commitments.

EU advisory body representing regional and local authorities.

Committee of EU member state ambassadors preparing the work of the Council.

A measure tracking the average change in prices paid by consumers over time.

EU directive setting prudential requirements for banks and investment firms.

EU regulation on capital adequacy and liquidity for financial institutions.

EU directive requiring companies to address human rights and environmental impacts.

The EU's framework for defence and crisis management operations.

EU directive requiring companies to disclose sustainability information.

EU directive protecting bank deposits up to a harmonised coverage level.

EU regulation ensuring fair competition among large online platforms.

EU regulation strengthening IT security for financial institutions.

EU regulation setting rules for digital platforms to protect users online.

EU agency responsible for civil aviation safety regulation.

EU agency working to ensure effective regulation and supervision of banking.

Multilateral bank investing in reforms and market economies across Europe and beyond.

Audits EU finances to improve accountability and transparency.

The central bank for the eurozone, responsible for monetary policy and price stability.

EU agency strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.

EU agency managing the registration and regulation of chemical substances.

International treaty protecting human rights and fundamental freedoms in Europe.

EU Council configuration of finance ministers coordinating economic policy.

Strasbourg court enforcing the European Convention on Human Rights.

EU fund financing collaborative defence research and development projects.

Proposed EU-wide deposit protection scheme to complete the Banking Union.

EU process ensuring member states correct budget deficits exceeding 3% of GDP.

Independent EU body ensuring consistent application of data protection rules.

EU agency providing independent information on the environment.

EU directive setting energy efficiency targets to reduce consumption.

EU advisory body representing civil society, employers, and workers.

Provides independent scientific advice on food-related risks in the EU.

Temporary euro area crisis resolution mechanism, predecessor to the ESM.

EU strategy to make Europe climate-neutral by 2050.

The EU's lending arm, financing projects that support EU policy goals.

EU body providing risk finance to support SMEs and innovation across Europe.

EU agency supporting gender equality across the European Union.

EU authority supervising insurance and pension markets.

Evaluates and supervises medicinal products in the EU.

EU agency providing factual information on drugs and drug addiction.

EU regulation on OTC derivatives, central counterparties, and trade repositories.

EU agency ensuring maritime safety and preventing pollution from ships.

The EU framework coordinating economic and fiscal policies with a common currency.

EU agency dedicated to achieving a high level of cybersecurity across Europe.

EU directive promoting energy efficiency in residential and commercial buildings.

Independent EU body investigating and prosecuting crimes against the EU budget.

EU agency promoting a single European railway area.

EU programme supporting education, training, and youth mobility across Europe.

A framework for evaluating corporate sustainability and ethical impact.

Eurozone's permanent bailout fund providing financial assistance to member states.

EU financial regulatory authority overseeing securities markets.

EU agency helping neighbouring countries reform their education systems.

The EU's carbon market, capping and trading greenhouse gas emissions.

Supports EU member states in applying international and EU asylum law.

Manages EU trade marks and registered community designs.

EU body coordinating nuclear energy research and ensuring nuclear safety.

EU agency coordinating cross-border criminal prosecutions.

EU law enforcement agency supporting cross-border criminal investigations.

EU mechanism for detecting economic imbalances in member states.

Global body setting standards to combat money laundering and terrorist financing.

Investment by a company or individual in business interests in another country.

EU legislative package aiming to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030.

EU agency providing evidence-based advice on fundamental rights.

Supports EU member states in managing external borders and migration.

International body monitoring and making recommendations on the global financial system.

The total value of goods and services produced in an economy.

EU regulation on data protection and privacy for individuals.

Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.

EU agency managing Galileo, EGNOS, and Copernicus space programmes.

EU's key research and innovation funding programme.

International organisation promoting safe and peaceful use of nuclear energy.

International tribunal prosecuting genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.

UN agency setting international labour standards and promoting decent work.

An international organization promoting global monetary cooperation and stability.

UN body assessing the science related to climate change.

EU framework allowing state aid for large cross-border projects in strategic sectors.

Cross-border team of judicial and law enforcement authorities investigating serious crime.

Financial industry process for verifying the identity of clients.

EU funding programme for environment and climate action projects.

Natural gas cooled to liquid form for storage and transport.

EU framework accounting for greenhouse gas emissions from land use and forestry.

An elected representative in the European Parliament.

The EU's long-term budget plan setting spending ceilings over a multi-year period.

EU framework regulating crypto-asset markets and service providers.

EU legislation regulating investment services and financial markets.

EU surveillance framework identifying and correcting harmful macroeconomic imbalances.

A military alliance of North American and European countries.

A country's self-defined climate action plan under the Paris Agreement.

EU recovery plan to rebuild economies after the pandemic with green and digital focus.

EU directive establishing cybersecurity requirements for critical sectors.

International organisation promoting policies for economic and social well-being.

Investigates fraud, corruption, and misconduct involving EU funds.

Security-oriented intergovernmental organisation with 57 participating states.

EU agency promoting safe and healthy workplaces across Europe.

EU framework enabling member states to jointly develop defence capabilities.

Persistent synthetic chemicals widely used in industry, linked to health risks.

An economic indicator reflecting the health of manufacturing and services sectors.

Cooperation between government and the private sector to deliver public services.

EU directive regulating payment services and open banking across the single market.

Central bank policy of buying assets to inject money into the economy.

EU regulation ensuring safe manufacture and use of chemical substances.

EU directive setting targets for renewable energy across member states.

EU plan to reduce dependence on Russian fossil fuels through clean energy transition.

The centrepiece of NextGenerationEU, funding reforms and investments in member states.

EU regulation requiring transparency on sustainability risks in financial products.

EU fiscal rules limiting government deficit and debt levels in member states.

Businesses with fewer than 250 employees, forming the backbone of the EU economy.

EU authority responsible for the orderly resolution of failing banks.

EU framework for orderly resolution of failing eurozone banks.

ECB-led system for banking supervision in the eurozone.

EU instrument providing loans to protect jobs during economic crises.

EU infrastructure networks for transport, energy, and telecommunications.

One of the two core EU treaties, establishing the EU's structure and principles.

The EU treaty detailing how EU institutions operate and policies are implemented.

Proposed EU-US trade agreement aimed at reducing tariffs and regulatory barriers.

International organisation maintaining peace and promoting cooperation worldwide.

UN agency mandated to protect refugees and resolve refugee situations worldwide.

A consumption tax levied on goods and services across the EU.

EU directive on the collection and recycling of electronic waste.

UN agency responsible for international public health.

An international body governing the rules of trade between nations.